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Bilim & Teknoloji Nükleer Enerji Nedir? Nükleer Enerjinin Katkıları 11 Mart 2019 14:45
Nükleer enerji, Türkiye'nin 1955 yılında başlayan ilk Nükleer enerji olan Akkuyu Nükleer Santrali'nin temeli atıldıktan sonra gittikçe gelişmeye başladı. Nükleer enerji nedir? Nükleer enerji, bir atom çekirdeğindeki enerjidir. Atomlar, moleküllerdeki gazları, sıvıları ve katıları oluşturan küçük parçacıktır. Atom çekirdeğinin parçalanması sonucunda büyük bir enerji ortaya çıkmaktadır. Fisyon ve füzyon tepkimeleri ile elde edilen enerjiye "çekirdek enerjisi" veya "nükleer enerji" adı verilmektedir.
Nükleer santral nedir? Nükleer santrali ise, bir veya daha fazla sayıda nükleer reaktörün yakıt olarak radyoaktif maddeleri kullanarak elektrik enerjisinin elde edildiği tesislere nükleer enerji santrali adı verilmiştir.
Nükleer enerjinin Faydaları Nelerdir? Nükleer enerji, günümüzde elektrik kullanımının artmasıyla ihtiyaç haline gelmiştir. Gelelim nükleer enerjinin faydalarına;
Enerji bağımlılığımızı azaltacaktır. Fosil yakıtlara alternatif enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılabilir. Doğal kaynakların uzun sürede korunmasını sağlayacaktır. Diğer enerji kaynaklarına alternatif olarak kullanılmalıdır. Nükleer santraller termik santrallere göre çevreye daha az zarar vermektedir. Her yıl artan enerji ihtiyacını karşılamada kullanılacaktır. Küresel ısınmaya karşı alternatif bir enerji kaynağıdır. Nükleer Enerji santralleri; Dünyada nükleer enerji santralleri şu anda 31 ülkede aktif bulunan 437 nükleer reaktör, 14 ülkede ise 68 reaktörün inşaatı devam etmektedir. Türkiye'de ise Mersin Şehrinde 2018 yılında temeli atılan Akkuyu Nükleer Santreli yapımının çalışmaları sürdürülmektedir. Dünyada halen 30 ülkede 438 nükleer santral reaktörü enerji üretiminde kullanılırken, 42 nükleer santral inşa aşamasında bulunmaktadır.